MAR-CO2 aims to develop fit-for-purpose MRV systems for mCDR, enabling safe, verifiable, and sustainable climate mitigation. The project’s core objective is to co-design, refine, and test MRV tools to quantify carbon removal additionality and durability, and assess ecological risks and co-benefits, along with the governance frameworks needed to ensure transparency, fairness, and public trust. These tools are tested in real-world conditions, moving beyond lab-scale studies to assess feasibility in the context of operational mCDR through industry partnerships. MAR-CO2 integrates interdisciplinary expertise from the fields of oceanography, modelling, ecology, social science, and governance, enabling the investigation of mCDR as a complex and interconnected human-environment system rather than simply a technological one. Advanced observational technology, experimental approaches, and multi-dimensional modelling help build a comprehensive understanding of mCDR and its impacts, and are used to develop a novel Digital Twin platform for simulating mCDR “what if” scenarios. Social perceptions are regularly queried and governance systems stress-tested to ensure MRV tools are socially just and governable. A co-design approach is deeply embedded in the project, with stakeholder mapping, public deliberation, and governance scenario stress-testing ensuring that the MRV systems developed in MAR-CO2 balance scientific rigor, accuracy, and equity with resource efficiency, governability, and transparency. MAR-CO2 contributes to EU climate leadership by supporting the integration of mCDR into climate strategies (e.g., CRCF, EU ETS), aligning with biodiversity protection goals, and advancing the European Digital Twin of the Ocean. By interfacing a team of prominent scientists with diverse public-sector and governance actors, and by using industry-led

---

The activity of the Monitoring Agricultural ResourceS OPerational (MARSOP for short) – Lot 4 concentrates on the management and operational maintenance of visualization and analysis services dedicated to users, with the aim to assess the impact of weather events on crop growth, to monitor crop growth and to forecast the yields of the various crops.

---

Activities Elaborazione, sintesi e trasferimento delle informazioni scientifiche elaborate in ambito IPCC nelle attività previste per il negoziato nell’ambito della Convenzione Quadro ONU sui Cambiamenti Climatici (UNFCCC), Accordo di Parigi, e negoziati interni UE (European Green Deal) per le tematiche scientifiche legate a: i) scienza dei cambiamenti climatici, ii) adattamento, perdite e danni legati al cambiamento climatico, iii) mitigazione del cambiamento climatico attraverso l’agricoltura e l’uso del suolo, cambiamenti di uso del suolo e foreste, iv) global stocktake. Nell’ambito di questa attività viene richiesto un supporto scientifico specifico relativamente alle attività dell’Adaptation Fund Board. 2. Attività di sviluppo dei contenuti scientifici relativi ai documenti preparatori per la partecipazione in altri fori internazionali connessi alle attività dell’IPCC. 3. Focal Point IPCC nazionale, partecipazione alle attività IPCC e del bureau IPCC e attività di comunicazione e divulgazione dei contenuti scientifici. In particolare, il Comitato Intergovernativo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (IPCC) è stato istituito dal WMO e UNEP allo scopo di fornire ai decisori politici una valutazione scientifica della letteratura tecnico-scientifica e socio-economica in materia di cambiamenti climatici, impatti, adattamento, mitigazione. Ogni paese nomina un Focal Point Nazionale IPCC il quale partecipa alle sessioni plenarie e agli incontri del Comitato, rappresenta l’IPCC nel proprio paese, mobilizza la partecipazione della comunità scientifica italiana, e svolge attività di consultazione, comunicazione e divulgazione riguardo alle attività dell’IPCC.

---

The global objective of the study is to develop an inundation, flooding and landslide national risk profile, with maps, a strategic framework and action plans for the integration of disaster risk management into urban planning and development, in the Republic of Mauritius.

---

The Med-IREN project is strategically designed to demonstrate actionable solutions for climate-proofing critical infrastructures across the Mediterranean, with a particular focus on enhancing resilience through Nature-Based Solutions (NBS). These solutions will be applied to improve climate risk management and ensure business continuity in the face of extreme climate change. The project will be implemented in five key lighthouse regions across the Mediterranean (Granollers, PACA, Ischia, Tuscany, Egaleo), each addressing a specific, present-day challenge. These regions will align with regional policies, further contributing to the EU’s position as a global leader in climate resilience. Moreover, the project will leverage Dataclime, CMCC’s advanced climate service platform, to provide cutting-edge data and analytics for real-time monitoring and risk assessment, ensuring that the project’s impact is grounded in the most up-to-date scientific evidence and fostering actionable insights for stakeholders

---

Natural hazards, such as extreme weather events, are exacerbated by climate change. As a result, emergency responses are becoming more protracted, expensive, frequent, and stretching limited available resources. This is especially apparent in rapidly warming regions. MedEWSa addresses these challenges by providing novel solutions to ensure timely, precise, and actionable impact and finance forecasting, and early warning systems (EWS) that support the rapid deployment of first responders to vulnerable areas.

---

The project addresses ecologic and economic impacts from the combined influences of anthropogenic acidification and warming, while accounting for the unique characteristics of the Mediterranean region.

---

The Arctic region plays a vital role in the global climate system, it is strongly affected by climate change, and in turn one of its drivers. The Arctic is warming four times faster than the global average, transitioning into an entirely different climate than a few decades ago (Legg, 2021). Satellite data reveal that the September sea ice extent declined by ~13% per decade since 1979 causing major changes in the oceanic heat flux. Changes in the Arctic sea ice impact extreme weather and climate events beyond the Arctic region, favouring extreme Northern Hemisphere winters (Kretschmer et al., 2016) or wetter European summers (Screen, 2013). Arctic changes have a substantial socio-economical relevance (e.g. indigenous communities, shipping and tourism, fisheries), as well as a geopolitical dimension, given possible shipping routes and natural resources exploitation. Understanding the causes of these changes is thus of paramount importance yet substantial gaps still exist. Moreover, numerous studies have demonstrated the limitations of current-generation climate models in accurately representing essential aspects of polar climates, such as Arctic sea ice loss (Wang et al., 2016) or water mass changes (Ilicak et al., 2016).

---

The project covers the validation and intercomparison of the next generation of global ocean reanalyses for the Copernicus Marine Service.

---

Develop strategies and innovative technologies for a sustainable urban system from the knowledge of its components and the assessment and mitigation of natural and anthropic risks.

---

The objective of MILES project is to improve modelling capacity in developing countries and to reinforce international cooperation between the participating countries, representing together a significant share of the global GHG emissions.

---

MILO project investigates the optimal environmental policy of the mining sector with a special emphasis on mining specific features and the choice of policy instruments under lobbying.

---

The MISSION project will eliminate bottlenecks of the overall maritime supply chain creating significant economic advantages for direct stakeholders and environmental benefits for society. By enabling collaboration among stakeholders and allowing ship schedules to be synchronised, ship operations and port services will be optimised, thus enhancing the efficiency of maritime operations and reducing the fuel consumption and GHG emissions. The project will demonstrate the benefits and challenges of MISSION specifically for three shipping segments, Tramp (bulk and tanker) RoRo, and container ship traffic, connecting ports in the European seas of Spain, Italy, Greece and Lithuania. MISSION’s port call optimisation and end-to-end orchestration of different traffic types will be built on data sharing platforms, with reference to harmonised standards and provide application programming interfaces for interoperability.

---

MOIRAI, named after the three Greek goddesses of fate, is a pioneering project that integrates historical data, present observations, and future projections to enhance ocean and biogeochemical climate modeling across European seas. Aligned with the frameworks of Destination Earth (DE) and the Digital Twin of the Ocean (DTO), it aims to support the European Green Deal by improving climate resilience in coastal areas. Central to MOIRAI is the development of REASSHORE, a modular, interoperable hub designed to deliver actionable ocean risk and adaptation strategies for end-users.

---

In the framework of the initiative launched by the Ministry of the Environment and Energy Security to promote the regional implementation of the National Strategy for Sustainable Development, the CMCC Foundation is providing the Molise region with technical assistance in localising the National Strategy for Sustainable Development (SNSvS) and the 2030 Agenda (localising the SDGs). This is in line with the national regulatory framework, as well as the European and international strategic frameworks.

---

The project aims at providing products and services for all marine applications: Safety, Resources, Environment and Climate, through a sustainable service for Ocean Monitoring and Forecasting validated and commissioned by users.

---

The main objective of the MyOcean Follow On project will be to operate a rigorous, robust and sustainable Ocean Monitoring and Forecasting component of the pre-operational Copernicus Marine Service delivering ocean physical state and ecosystem information to intermediate and downstream users in the areas of marine safety, marine resources, marine and coastal environment and weather, climate and seasonal forecasting.

---

MyOcean2 will ensure operational continuity and extension of the existing EC/FP7 MyOcean (2009-2012) services for the 2.5 year period from April 2012 to September 2014.